antitoxin n : an antibody that can neutralize a specific toxin

English

Etymology

From anti- + toxin

Noun

1. An antibody that is capable of neutralising specific toxins that are causative agents of disease; microorganisms including viruses and bacteria.

See also

• antiserum
• immunity

An antitoxin is an antibody with the ability to neutralize a specific toxin. Antitoxins are produced by certain animals, plants, and bacteria. Although they are most effective in neutralizing toxins, they can kill bacteria and other microorganisms. Antitoxins are made within organisms, but can be injected into other organisms, including humans. This procedure involves injecting an animal with a safe amount of a particular toxin. Then, the animal’s body makes the antitoxin needed to neutralize the toxin. Later, the blood is withdrawn from the animal. When the antitoxin is obtained from the blood, it is purified and injected into a human or other animal, inducing passive immunity. To prevent serum sickness, it is often best to use antitoxin generated from the same species (i.e. use human antitoxin to treat humans).

See also

• Vaccination
• The horse named Jim
• Antiserum

External links

• http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=2289

Rh factor, agglutinin, allergen, anaphylactin, antiantibody, antibody, antigen, antiserum, antitoxic serum, antivenin, bang, booster, booster shot, fix, hit, hypodermic, hypodermic injection, incomplete antibody, injection, inoculation, interferon, jet injection, mainlining, narcotic injection, precipitin, serum, shooting up, shot, skin-popping, vaccination, vaccine